Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome and restrictive allograft syndrome after lung transplantation: why are there two distinct forms of chronic lung allograft dysfunction?

Development of a Multivariate Prediction Model for Early-Onset Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome and Restrictive Allograft Syndrome in Lung Transplantation

BACKGROUND Chronic lung allograft dysfunction and its main phenotypes, bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) and restrictive allograft syndrome (RAS), are major causes of mortality after lung transplantation (LT). RAS and early-onset BOS, developing within 3 years after LT, are associated with particularly inferior clinical outcomes. Prediction models for early-onset BOS and RAS have not been...

Restrictive allograft syndrome (RAS): a novel form of chronic lung allograft dysfunction.

BACKGROUND Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) with small-airway pathology and obstructive pulmonary physiology may not be the only form of chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) after lung transplantation. Characteristics of a form of CLAD consisting of restrictive functional changes involving peripheral lung pathology were investigated. METHODS Patients who received bilateral lung tr...

Matrix metalloproteinase-9 in bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome after lung transplantation.

Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) is a severe complication after lung transplantation (LTX). In a retrospective cohort study 12 stable healthy recipients (non-BOS) and eight patients with BOS were enrolled after LTX and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-9, TIMP-1 and cell characteristics in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples (n = 145) were analysed. BALs from patients with BOS were furthe...

Bronchiolitis Obliterans After Lung Transplantation

ing lung transplantation is 71%, and 46% of trans¬ plant recipients will survive at least 5 years.1 Al¬ though infections, medication-related adverse events, and malignancies remain important compli¬ cations, prolonged survival is limited predominantly by bronchiolitis obliterans (RO), a condition that was associated with transplantation more than a decade ago.25 Data suggest that at least 50% ...

Chronic lung allograft dysfunction following lung transplantation: challenges and solutions